Scala is popular because it combines both functional and object-oriented paradigms, making it a pragmatic choice for functional programming on the JVM.

While Julia is more efficient for performance-critical applications, Python is easier to learn and has a larger community of data scientists.

Python’s packaging system can be a bit fragmented compared to Node.js, which has a more cohesive ecosystem for managing modules and packages.

Functional programming avoids side effects, which leads to more predictable code, while procedural programming often uses mutable state.

Python might be easier for teams already familiar with it and works well for microservices that don’t need ultra-high performance.